Drink Driving Offences NSW
In shortIn NSW, drink driving is charged by alcohol range under the Road Transport Act 2013: novice, special, low, middle and high range PCA, plus DUI and refusal offences. Most carry automatic disqualification and a conviction. A mandatory interlock order applies to mid range (including a first offence), high range, alcohol DUI, refusing breath analysis and repeat offences.
- Ranges (s 108): novice above 0 and under 0.02; special 0.02 to under 0.05; low 0.05 to under 0.08; middle 0.08 to under 0.15; high 0.15 or more.
- Interlock (s 209): mandatory for mid range (even a first offence), high range, alcohol DUI and refusing breath analysis. The court must make an interlock order or, on narrow grounds, an exemption order.
- No conviction (CSPA s 10): a dismissal or conditional release order without conviction is possible but discretionary. It is not available if you had a s 10 for a similar offence in the past 5 years (RTA s 203).
New South Wales law · law checked 23 Oct 2026
What's on this page
What happens if you are charged with drink driving in NSW?
Over the past decade the NSW Parliament has tightened the law to deter drink driving. The Mandatory Alcohol Interlock Program began on 1 February 2015 for high range, refusal and repeat offenders, and from 3 December 2018 it was extended to mid range PCA (including a first offence) and to DUI involving alcohol (TfNSW – Alcohol Interlock Program). Interlock remains a core part of NSW road safety policy.
If you are charged with a drink driving offence and go to court, you should expect:
- a period of licence disqualification (or an interlock order that includes a shorter minimum disqualification);
- a fine; and
- a criminal conviction, unless the court is persuaded to deal with you under section 10 of the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999.
If you are a repeat offender, or the offence has aggravating features such as a crash, a very high reading or passengers at risk, you face a real risk of a harsher sentence, including a community correction order, an intensive correction order or a term of imprisonment.
Ways to finish a matter without a disqualification and a conviction
There are three realistic pathways, and each has limits:
- Penalty notice (first low, novice or special range offence only). Police can deal with a first offence in these ranges by an on-the-spot penalty notice ($722 at the date checked) with a 3-month licence suspension. There is no court appearance and no conviction, but you still lose your licence for 3 months (TfNSW – drink and drug driving penalties; RTA s 224).
- Defend the charge. Plead not guilty, run a defended hearing and have the charge dismissed. See our NSW drink driving defences guide.
- Plead guilty and ask for section 10. The court may dismiss the charge, or discharge you on a conditional release order, without recording a conviction. If no conviction is recorded, the automatic disqualification does not apply. This is discretionary and never automatic. More on this below and in our guide to avoiding a drink driving conviction in NSW.
What are the PCA ranges in NSW?
The main drink driving charges in NSW are Prescribed Concentration of Alcohol (PCA) offences. They are based on the alcohol concentration recorded in your breath or blood, measured in grams of alcohol in 210 litres of breath or 100 millilitres of blood. The ranges are set by section 108 of the Road Transport Act 2013, and each range is a separate offence under section 110.
| Range | Concentration | Who it applies to | Offence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Novice range | More than 0 but under 0.02 | Novice drivers: learner, P1, P2 and interlock licence holders, and people who are unlicensed and have never held a licence (s 107) | s 110(1) |
| Special range | 0.02 to under 0.05 | Special category drivers (see below) | s 110(2) |
| Low range | 0.05 to under 0.08 | All drivers | s 110(3) |
| Middle range | 0.08 to under 0.15 | All drivers | s 110(4) |
| High range | 0.15 or more | All drivers | s 110(5) |
Police facts sheets often describe a low range driver as "slightly affected", a mid range driver as "moderately affected" and a high range driver as "well affected" by intoxicating liquor. Those are descriptions, not legal tests. The offence is proved by the reading itself.
Each PCA offence can be committed in three ways: driving a motor vehicle, sitting in the driver's seat and attempting to put the vehicle in motion, or (for low, middle and high range, and special range supervisors) sitting next to a learner driver as their supervisor while over the limit.
What is novice range drink driving?
A novice range PCA offence applies when a novice driver returns a reading above zero but below 0.02. Under section 107 a "novice driver" includes learner, provisional P1 and P2 licence holders, interlock licence holders, and people driving who have never held a licence (or have been refused one). Novice drivers must have zero alcohol.
Even though the reading sounds low compared to the other ranges, the law treats this offence seriously because it usually involves a driver with limited experience who is required to have no alcohol in their system at all.
There is a specific statutory defence for novice range (s 110(9)): it is a defence if you prove the alcohol was not caused, in whole or in part, by drinking an alcoholic beverage (other than for religious observance) or by consuming another substance, such as food or medicine, for the purpose of consuming alcohol.
How the court views novice range: you may face a fine, a disqualification and a conviction. The court can deal with the matter under section 10 in an appropriate case. Your age, lack of record, remorse, early plea and steps taken since the offence (for example, completing the Traffic Offenders Program) all matter.
What is special range drink driving?
A special range PCA offence applies where the reading is 0.02 to under 0.05 and the driver is a "special category driver" for that vehicle. These drivers are held to a higher standard because of what or whom they carry, or the size of the vehicle. Under section 107, special category drivers include:
- learner, provisional and interlock licence holders (who are also novice drivers, so they are caught by novice range from any reading above zero);
- unlicensed, suspended, cancelled or disqualified drivers;
- drivers of public passenger vehicles, taxis and hire vehicles carrying passengers for reward;
- drivers of coaches, and of vehicles with a GVM over 13.9 tonnes, or a vehicle and trailer with a GCM over 13.9 tonnes;
- drivers of vehicles carrying dangerous goods that require placards, or radioactive substances.
Section 110(2) also catches a special category supervisor sitting next to a learner driver while in the special range.
Why special range matters
People in these categories are trusted to protect the public. A reading under 0.05 can still lead to a conviction, fine and disqualification because the law holds you to a higher standard than a private motorist on a full licence. Courts also consider features such as carrying paying passengers or driving a heavy vehicle on public roads.
What is low range drink driving?
Low range PCA applies to a reading of 0.05 to under 0.08 and is prosecuted under section 110(3). It can catch first-time offenders on a full licence who have had a few drinks without realising how easily they can go over 0.05.
Although it is called "low range", it is still a criminal offence. The reading itself is proof that you were over the limit and a risk to other road users.
For a first offence, police may issue a penalty notice with a 3-month suspension instead of a court attendance notice. If the matter goes to court and you plead guilty, the court can impose:
- a fine;
- a period of licence disqualification; and
- a criminal conviction.
In some cases the court may deal with the matter under section 10, which means no conviction, no fine and no disqualification.
Practical takeaway for low range: the Magistrate will look at your reading, your driving record, any crash or aggravating feature, your need for a licence for work and family, your character references and what you have done since the offence (for example counselling, the Traffic Offenders Program and an apology letter). See our guide to NSW drink driving penalties for the full penalty tables.
What is mid range drink driving?
Middle range PCA (usually called "mid range") applies to a reading of 0.08 to under 0.15 and is prosecuted under section 110(4). NSW courts treat it as a serious offence, and the maximum penalty includes imprisonment even for a first offence (9 months).
Because mid range shows a higher level of intoxication, the sentencing options escalate quickly: larger fines, longer disqualification and, in more serious cases, a community-based order or imprisonment.
Mid range is a mandatory interlock offence, including for a first offence (s 209). Unless the court makes an interlock exemption order, a conviction for a first mid range offence means a minimum disqualification of 3 months (maximum 6 months) and then at least 12 months on an interlock licence.
A section 10 outcome becomes harder at this level but is not impossible. It depends on very strong subjective material and low objective seriousness (for example, no crash, unusual circumstances and a genuine need for a licence).
Why mid range is treated so seriously
At mid range, courts talk openly about community safety, specific deterrence (stopping you from doing it again) and general deterrence (sending a message to the public). For repeat offenders, or where there was a crash or passengers at risk, imprisonment is a genuine possibility. You should not walk into court unprepared at this level.
What is high range drink driving?
High range PCA applies to a reading of 0.15 or more and is prosecuted under section 110(5). It is one of the most serious alcohol-related driving offences in NSW. The maximum penalty for a first offence is 30 penalty units and/or 18 months' imprisonment.
The NSW Court of Criminal Appeal has issued a guideline judgment for high range PCA, which Local Court Magistrates take into account; see our page on the high range PCA guideline judgment. The further the reading is above 0.15, the more serious the court will regard the offence.
High range takeaways:
- It is a mandatory interlock offence. The court must make an interlock order unless it makes an exemption order on the narrow grounds in section 212.
- For a first offence with an interlock order, the minimum disqualification is 6 months (maximum 9 months), followed by at least 24 months on an interlock licence.
- The Magistrate will consider whether imprisonment, or another custodial-range penalty, is appropriate.
- Subjective material (treatment, abstinence, counselling, remorse and steps to prevent a repeat) becomes critical.
- A repeat high range offender should expect the prosecution to argue strongly for imprisonment.
What is DUI (driving under the influence) in NSW?
Many people use "DUI" to describe all drink driving, but in NSW it has a specific meaning. Section 112 of the Road Transport Act 2013 makes it an offence, while under the influence of alcohol or any other drug, to:
- drive a vehicle;
- sit in the driver's seat and attempt to put it in motion; or
- if you hold an unrestricted licence, sit next to a learner driver as their supervisor.
DUI is usually charged when police cannot get a reliable breath or blood reading but allege that you were clearly affected, based on their observations: your manner of driving, speech, balance, the smell of alcohol and how you behaved after being stopped. For example, if police attend your home after a crash, the law may prevent them from breath testing you there, but they may still charge DUI based on the evidence of how you were affected at the time of driving.
The maximum penalty for a first DUI offence is 30 penalty units and/or 18 months' imprisonment, and 50 penalty units and/or 2 years for a second or subsequent offence. DUI involving alcohol is a mandatory interlock offence (since 3 December 2018). DUI involving other drugs carries disqualification but not interlock. Courts treat DUI seriously because there is evidence that you were actually affected while in charge of a vehicle, even without a precise reading.
What is wilfully altering your blood alcohol concentration?
Police can charge this offence if they allege that, between driving and being tested, you did something deliberately to alter the alcohol concentration in your breath or blood. It is an offence under Schedule 3, clause 18 of the Road Transport Act 2013.
Examples include:
- drinking more alcohol after a crash, so police cannot work out your reading at the time of driving;
- consuming something intended to interfere with a breath test or breath analysis.
For the alcohol-alteration offences, the maximum penalty is 30 penalty units and/or 18 months' imprisonment for a first offence, and 50 penalty units and/or 2 years for a second or subsequent offence. The disqualification periods are set at the serious end of the scale (an automatic 3 years, minimum 6 months, for a first offence under s 205). Courts treat this offence seriously because it suggests an attempt to hide the truth and frustrate enforcement.
Where are drink and drug driving charges most common in NSW?
Drink driving and drug driving charges are laid all over NSW, but some areas see more than others. Figures released by NSW Police in 2017 placed Byron Bay, Ballina and Tweed Heads among the worst areas for drink driving, with 205 drink driving offences recorded in Byron Bay alone over the previous 12 months. Police also described a "drink driving belt" running from Sydney's northern beaches north along the coast.
None of those northern NSW towns topped the drug driving figures that year. Armidale, Port Macquarie and Goulburn were highest, with 175 drug driving offences recorded in Armidale. Police said that part of the rise in drug driving charges in northern NSW reflected more roadside drug testing, not only more offending.
Those figures are historical. They show that police run random breath and drug testing across the state, and they target areas where they have detected more offending. A random breath test or mobile drug test can happen anywhere, at any time.
Your rights at a roadside breath or drug test in NSW
- Police can stop any driver at random for a breath test or a mobile drug test. They do not need to suspect you have been drinking or using drugs.
- Police can require a breath test from a driver, or a licensed supervisor of a learner, involved in a crash.
- Refusing or failing to provide a sample is an offence in its own right (see below).
- You must give police your name and address. Apart from that, you do not have to answer questions, and it is usually wise to get legal advice before you make any statement.
This section includes material from our October 2017 news post "NSW DUI Hotspots for Drink and Drug Drivers".
What if you refuse or fail a roadside breath test?
When police stop you, they will usually require a preliminary breath test at the roadside. If you refuse, or fail to provide a sample in the way directed, you can be charged under Schedule 3, clause 16(1)(a). The maximum penalty is 10 penalty units.
The roadside test is a screening test. If it indicates alcohol, or you refuse it, police will usually arrest you and require a formal breath analysis at a police station or a mobile testing unit.
What if you refuse or fail a breath analysis?
Refusing or failing to provide a sample for breath analysis, after being lawfully required to do so, is a much more serious offence (Schedule 3, clause 16(1)(b)). The maximum penalty is the same as for high range PCA: 30 penalty units and/or 18 months' imprisonment for a first offence, and 50 penalty units and/or 2 years for a second or subsequent offence.
It is a mandatory interlock offence. Courts treat it seriously because it stops police obtaining a reading. It is a defence if you prove that you were unable, on medical grounds, to provide the sample (Schedule 3, clause 16(2)). Refusing a blood sample in certain circumstances is a separate offence under clause 17.
What about alcohol and drugs together?
Since 28 June 2021 it has been a separate offence to drive with both a prescribed concentration of alcohol and a prescribed illicit drug present (section 111A). The penalties are higher than for the alcohol offence alone, and the combined offences carry mandatory interlock. For drug-only matters see our guide to NSW drug driving offences and penalties.
What are the maximum penalties and disqualification periods?
Maximum penalties are set in penalty units. A NSW penalty unit is $110 (CSPA s 17). The dollar figures below are as at 20 October 2026.
| Offence (RTA 2013) | First offence – maximum | Second or subsequent (within 5 years) – maximum |
|---|---|---|
| Novice range PCA – s 110(1) | 20 PU ($2,200) | 30 PU ($3,300) |
| Special range PCA – s 110(2) | 20 PU ($2,200) | 30 PU ($3,300) |
| Low range PCA – s 110(3) | 20 PU ($2,200) | 30 PU ($3,300) |
| Mid range PCA – s 110(4) | 20 PU ($2,200) and/or 9 months' imprisonment | 30 PU ($3,300) and/or 12 months |
| High range PCA – s 110(5) | 30 PU ($3,300) and/or 18 months | 50 PU ($5,500) and/or 2 years |
| DUI – s 112 | 30 PU ($3,300) and/or 18 months | 50 PU ($5,500) and/or 2 years |
| Refuse/fail breath analysis – Sch 3 cl 16(1)(b) | 30 PU ($3,300) and/or 18 months | 50 PU ($5,500) and/or 2 years |
| Refuse/fail roadside breath test – Sch 3 cl 16(1)(a) | 10 PU ($1,100) | — |
Whether an offence is a "second or subsequent offence" depends on whether you were convicted of another major offence in the 5 years before (RTA s 9(2)). An earlier drink or drug driving offence dealt with by penalty notice in the 5 years before the new conviction also counts (s 9(2A)). A section 10 is not a conviction, so it does not count by itself, although it blocks a second section 10 within 5 years (s 203).
Disqualification where no interlock order is made (s 205). For an offence that is not a mandatory interlock offence (such as a first low, novice or special range offence), or where the court makes an interlock exemption order, these periods apply:
| Offence | First offence: automatic (minimum) | Second or subsequent: automatic (minimum) |
|---|---|---|
| Novice, special or low range | 6 months (3 months) | 12 months (6 months) |
| Mid range | 12 months (6 months) | 3 years (12 months) |
| High range, DUI, refuse breath analysis | 3 years (12 months) | 5 years (2 years) |
The "automatic" period applies unless the court orders a different period, which cannot be shorter than the minimum. Drivers convicted of 2 drink driving offences within 5 years must also pass the Driver Knowledge Test before being licensed again (TfNSW).
When is an Alcohol Interlock order mandatory in NSW?
Under section 209 the mandatory interlock offences are: mid range PCA (first or repeat), high range PCA, DUI involving alcohol, refusing or failing breath analysis, certain blood sample refusals, the combined alcohol and drug offences, and a second or subsequent novice, special or low range offence. When you are convicted of one of these, the court must make either a mandatory interlock order or an interlock exemption order (s 210).
| Mandatory interlock offence | Minimum – maximum disqualification | Minimum interlock period |
|---|---|---|
| Novice, special or low range – second or subsequent | 1 – 3 months | 12 months |
| Mid range – first offence | 3 – 6 months | 12 months |
| Mid range – second or subsequent | 6 – 9 months | 24 months |
| High range – first offence | 6 – 9 months | 24 months |
| High range – second or subsequent | 9 – 12 months | 48 months |
| DUI (alcohol) – first offence | 6 – 9 months | 24 months |
| DUI (alcohol) – second or subsequent | 9 – 12 months | 48 months |
| Refuse breath analysis – first offence | 6 – 9 months | 24 months |
Source: RTA s 211 and the TfNSW Alcohol Interlock Program table, checked 20 October 2026.
An interlock exemption order is only available on narrow grounds (s 212): you do not have access to a vehicle in which to install a device, you have a diagnosed medical condition that prevents you giving a sufficient breath sample, or (for a first mid range offence only) the order would cause severe hardship and an exemption is more appropriate. TfNSW notes you cannot get an exemption simply because you live in a regional or remote area. If an exemption order is made, the longer s 205 disqualification periods apply instead. If you receive an interlock order and do not enter the program, you are disqualified for 5 years. All interlock drivers must have zero alcohol. For more, see our NSW alcohol interlock guide.
Can police suspend your licence before court?
Yes. Police can suspend your licence immediately (s 224):
- for a first novice, special or low range offence dealt with by penalty notice (3 months); and
- when you are charged with mid range, high range, DUI, refusing breath analysis and certain other serious offences, until the court deals with the charge.
In some circumstances you can appeal a suspension to the Local Court. See our guide to NSW licence suspension appeals.
How will the Local Court sentence you?
When sentencing drink driving matters, the Local Court looks at both the objective seriousness of the offence and your subjective circumstances.
Objective seriousness includes:
- your reading (PCA range);
- whether there was a crash, injury, passengers at risk or another aggravating feature;
- your manner of driving (for example speeding or dangerous driving);
- how you behaved with police;
- whether you tried to avoid detection (refusal or altering your reading).
Subjective circumstances include:
- your traffic and criminal record, if any;
- your background, employment and need for a licence for work or caring for family;
- any health or personal issues (for example alcohol misuse or mental health stressors) and the steps you have taken to address them;
- your remorse, insight and rehabilitation (counselling, abstinence, treatment, programs);
- character references and a letter of apology to the court.
We help clients prepare this material for court: written submissions to the Magistrate, character references for a drink driving matter, a Traffic Offenders Program certificate, medical or counselling reports and employment letters. Good preparation is what gives the court a proper basis to impose the most lenient penalty that is realistically open, including a section 10 outcome where that is genuinely arguable. Our NSW DUI court process guide explains each step.
What is a section 10 (no conviction) outcome?
Section 10 of the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 lets the court, after finding the offence proved, decline to record a conviction and instead:
- (a) dismiss the charge;
- (b) discharge you on a conditional release order without conviction; or
- (c) discharge you on condition that you enter an intervention program.
Because there is no conviction, no fine is imposed and the automatic disqualification under the Road Transport Act does not apply. In deciding whether section 10 is appropriate, the court considers your character, antecedents, age, health and mental condition, the trivial nature of the offence, any extenuating circumstances, and any other matter it thinks proper (s 10(3)).
Two limits matter in drink driving cases:
- Five-year bar. Section 10 is not available if you received a section 10 for another applicable offence (including drink driving) in the previous 5 years (RTA s 203).
- Seriousness. The higher the reading and the more aggravating features, the less realistic a section 10 becomes.
To have a realistic chance, you normally need to show:
- low objective seriousness (for example, a reading at the lower end of the range and no crash);
- strong subjective material (a good record, a genuine need for a licence, remorse, treatment or rehabilitation); and
- a low risk of reoffending.
The court is not obliged to grant section 10 just because you ask. The Magistrate weighs protecting the community against the harm a conviction and disqualification would cause you and the people who depend on you.
Important
If you are hoping for a no-conviction outcome, your case needs to be properly prepared. The Magistrate needs evidence and submissions in front of them that justify exercising the discretion in your favour.
Do we appear at your Local Court?
Boorman Lawyers represents clients on drink driving, PCA and DUI matters in Local Courts across New South Wales, in person or by audio-visual link where the court allows it. You can find your court in our NSW courts we attend directory. If you are not sure whether you can get help, Legal Aid NSW duty lawyers also attend many Local Courts (Legal Aid NSW).
To talk about legal representation, call 1300 941 900 or make an enquiry about legal representation using the form on this page. We can talk to you about:
- what your reading and history mean for disqualification and interlock;
- realistic sentencing expectations;
- preparing for court, particularly for mid range, high range and refusal charges;
- whether a section 10 outcome is realistically open in your situation.
This page is general information only. It is not legal advice. Every case turns on its own facts, history and personal circumstances. Get personalised advice before you enter a plea.
Representing yourself?
Some people decide to handle their drink driving matter without a lawyer. If that is you, DIY DUI Method is a separate self-help service, also owned by Joshua Boorman. It provides general information only and is not legal representation. If you would like advice or someone to represent you in court, call 1300 941 900 or make an enquiry about legal representation.
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stephen milward (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Erin Parker.
“Can not recommend Josh enough! My 4th drink driving offence without a licence and no interlock in the car and drink driving low range. I got $120 fine and 1 year suspension. He is wortg every cent. Such an amazing result. Very happy. He came highly recommended from a friend and I am so great full. Thank you Josh! …”
Erin Parker (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Jagraj Singh.
“Josh is very amazing and good sportive person . He is very friendly to chat he is very good lawyer how much I can say to him not enough I just say to thanks joshua thanks for helping me”
Jagraj Singh (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Ollie Watts.
“Joshua Boorman is an intelligent and well informed lawyer who genuinely cared about me and the situation I was in. It meant a lot to me to have Josh, Junior Counsel and Senior Counsel represent me to see my case through and get the best …”
Ollie Watts (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Tyana Hansen.
“Josh handled my Drink driving charge and delivered better than he promised. I got off extremely lightly. He was very easy to work with and quick to respond to all my ongoing questions. He made the whole process so easy and seamless and took a lot of stress off me on the day.”
Tyana Hansen (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by X T.
“Thanks for the great outcome. Very pleased with the service. Thanks Josh !”
X T (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Reginald Ledimo.
“Highly recommend Joshua. He got the best possible outcome for me in my case. He was easy to talk to and made me not worry about the case as much.”
Reginald Ledimo (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Lin ZHANG.
“Very good and professional lawyer. The outcome is much better than I expected. I strongly recommend Josh if you need any legal assistance. Very thanks, Josh😊”
Lin ZHANG (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Karen Fisher.
“Josh is amazing, he helped my son and got a fantastic outcome. Josh took all the stress out of court and everything ran like clock work. I could not recommend Josh highly enough”
Karen Fisher (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Cameron Waters.
“Josh was fantastic to deal with. He was easy to contact and communicate with. He achieved an excellent outcome and I wouldn't hesitate to contact him again should I need any more legal assistance.”
Cameron Waters (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Alan Scott.
“Big Thanks to Josh for all the help with my recent court matter . Josh made a difficult time for myself stress free with all information and advice above and beyond what I expected !!. I totally recommend Josh Boorman for any court matter you may find yourself in . Cheers mate !!”
Alan Scott (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by corey reid.
“Josh represented me for a DUI matter and with such short notice I couldn’t be more happier with the result , very helpful and highly recommend him”
corey reid (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by piotr wojcik.
“Very recommended dude... To the point and genuine... This industry can full of promises. Josh is down to earth ...”
piotr wojcik (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Charles Stewart.
“Josh represented me at Waverley court this morning and he delivered the desired result. He was professional, diligent and I felt like he really got me. …”
Charles Stewart (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Shubham modgil.
“The most professional people, provided full ongoing support, they bought me the best outcome in court,despite my very serious matter, i would highly recommend booreman lawyers for any of your matter. …”
Shubham modgil (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by kenny morgan.
“Josh represented me at my trial for a DUI charge in Sydney. I blew 0.119 being a Mid-Range offence. Josh had some of the Police material which was irrelevant to my case deleted prior to the hearing. He reviewed all my references & my letter …”
kenny morgan (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Emily Quarrell.
“Excellent. I would not hesitate to recommend Josh Boorman as a lawyer who will provide the best possible result for his clients. He has a deep understanding of law across NSW and Qld jurisdictions and goes above and beyond in extracting detailed information from his clients, and is a concise and effective advocate in court.”
Emily Quarrell (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by david thompson.
“I would highly recommend Boorman Lawyers. Josh was the perfect example as to why you should get a lawyer, right from the start he took the stress away, had all paperwork and advice needed spot on, even down to the finer details that none of …”
david thompson (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Brad Phillips.
“Boorman lawyers gave me a better out come than I ever expected I would use him any time I have a problem from now on thanks again”
Brad Phillips (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Karl Rodgers.
“Josh was a great help throughout my experience. He was thorough and informative before, during and after my trial. If needed i would definitely trust boorman lawyers again and would definitely recommend Josh for anyone in need of legal aid.”
Karl Rodgers (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Bethany Mannion.
“Josh managed to get me a section 10 for a special range DUI charged in Sydney. Being from Canberra I could always message or call him about any questions I had. Great lawyer highly recommended him !”
Bethany Mannion (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Allan Provan.
“Positive outcome, thanks josh Worked hard for a section 10 in my low range ova case”
Allan Provan (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by SJR.
“Josh is without doubt the most unpretentious, straight-up, genuine, knowledgeable solicitor I have ever dealt with. …”
SJR (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Darren Dowsett.
“As a first time low range PCA offender coupled with a speeding offence and first appearance before the court, my stress and anxiety levels were insurmountable. I engaged the help of Joshua from Boorman lawyers who represented myself in …”
Darren Dowsett (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Katie Eales.
“Joshua was a excellent lawyer who got me a section 10 for a low-range PCA. He was well prepared and helped me a lot with all my documents and gave me great advice. I highly recommend him.”
Katie Eales (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by leon bourgeon.
“Good advice, it pays to tick all the boxes and do all you can to present your best self before the court. I would recommend to friends if they find themselves in the same situation as I was. Thank you”
leon bourgeon (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by King Lit Leong.
“I have been extremely lucky to have Josh represent me in my court case. Josh is an exceptional lawyer, he is professional, patient, supportive, knowledgeable and a good listener. He was right beside me every step of the way, by providing …”
King Lit Leong (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Ross Williams.
“Great outcome and very professional. Took the weight off my shoulders. Definitely recommend.”
Ross Williams (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Jamania Harris.
“Represented me so well. Pricing is great. Made me feel very at ease! Thanks again Josh.”
Jamania Harris (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by mike purser.
“Very happy with Boorman lawyers Josh was organised and professional which lead me to get the result i was after.”
mike purser (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Garry J.
“Josh went above and beyond for me, got the best result possible of a minimum sentence for high range DUI, couldn't reccomend him highly enough”
Garry J (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Brandon Pietsch.
“Awsome I got the outcome that I wanted explained everything very well and was very helpful with everything”
Brandon Pietsch (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Key Let.
“Great person. I received the outcome he promised me. Very truthful and takes his time to explain every details. I felt relaxed over the hall ordeal. I'm loving life!”
Key Let (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Noah Southcombe.
“Josh did a great job and got the work liscense across the line - highly recommend.”
Noah Southcombe (opens full review in a new tab) - Google review by Cameron Woodvine.
“Josh boorman represented me today with a dui and drug possession charge. I got the best result i could have asked for with a no conviction or record for both charges and only one month of disqualified license with a 24/7 work license. Thank you so much josh”
Cameron Woodvine (opens full review in a new tab)
- Facebook review by Adam Webster.
“Josh was extremely professional, reliable and was able to get the best result possible. Highly recommended. 5 stars!”
Adam Webster (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Nicole Ray.
“Tegan was an absolute saviour for my business. With very little briefing she was able to turn my business processes into 6 sets of perfectly articulated terms and conditions to cover all of our needs. It has been integral in elevating my brand to a far more professional level, and I can sleep at night knowing that my agreements are legally sound. I couldn't recommend Tegan and Boorman Lawyers more highly. They are extremely professional, efficient and Tegan just understood exactly what I needed straight away and made it happen. Couldn't be happier with the service.”
Nicole Ray (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Melina Howe.
“Tegan was so helpful when filing our trademark application. She took the time to understand our business and was able to informally advise on some structuring aspects and influencer marketing tips, all of which previous lawyers I have been using failed to mention!”
Melina Howe (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Selena Evison.
“Awesome advice on the legal side of influencer marketing. Thank you Tegan🙏”
Selena Evison (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Heather Millar.
“Tegan Boorman has been our go-to commercial lawyer for my retail business, Kippins, for several years. She has helped us navigate challenging situations and always provided exceptional advice. Her knowledge of commercial law and her understanding of the needs of small businesses is second to none. Highly recommended!”
Heather Millar (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Bianca Grima.
“The best in the business 10/10”
Bianca Grima (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Chris Weston.
“Although I had a very good driving record and character references, a Section 10 can never be assumed. Josh Boorman worked with me to present a very strong case for my low range alcohol offence and I was acquitted with no fine, no suspension and no conviction. We spent a lot of time together writing and re-writing my references to get the wording perfect and also my explanation of how my offence came about. Josh has a lot of experience in this particular field and his thoroughness and presentation paid off successfully. A fixed fee agreed on before you start means you know exactly where you stand. Well done. Thanks again Josh.”
Chris Weston (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Singh Saab.
“5 stars”
Singh Saab (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Jessica Pantano.
“Josh was incredibly professional and sensitive to my traffic issue. He pushed for the best result possible and I got it! Would highly recommend for any traffic matter!”
Jessica Pantano (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Dave Thompson.
“I would highly recommend Boorman Lawyers. Josh was the perfect example as to why you should get a lawyer, right from the start he took the stress away, had all paperwork and advice needed spot on, even down to the finer details that none of us could've thought of that can effect an outcome.. Well done Josh and thank you for helping me get a positive outcome to keep my lively hood.”
Dave Thompson (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Monika Kundu.
“I was so lucky that josh was representing my case in the court .i was so terrified in the beginning but josh come up with such a absolute positive energy .i would highly recommend him to my friends and family .”
Monika Kundu (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Heidi Mcmillin.
“Simply brilliant and great to deal with. No hassle and great results.”
Heidi Mcmillin (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by King Leong.
“I have been extremely lucky to have Josh represent me in my court case. Josh is an exceptional lawyer, he is professional, patient, supportive, knowledgeable and a good listener. He was right beside me every step of the way, by providing valueble advice and comforting assurance whenever I needed it. It is these qualities that truly differentiate him from the rest. My case definitely wasn't the easiest by any means. However, with Josh's skillful preparation of material and submission to the magistrate, he managed to get a great outcome for me. I highly recommend Josh to anyone who needs the best legal representation, and I can assure you won't regret it. Thank you Josh once again for your service. I hope I don't ever need your service again (touch wood), but if I do, you're the man.”
King Leong (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Andrew Ormsby.
“To any of my mates looking for lawyer that actually cares, knows his stuff and puts in 100% Joshua is the man.. You won't regret going to Joshua and you will get the best out come!”
Andrew Ormsby (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Craig Stewart.
“Thanks Joshua for the amazing outcome yesterday I'm still in a state of shock.. I would definitely recommend Boorman Lawyers to others. Can I just say Joshua is very professional in his approach in trying to achieve the desired outcome . Well prepared, briefed on the day & gave me confidence that I stood the best chance with Joshua representing me.”
Craig Stewart (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Jennifer Fernandes.
“Thanks Joshua for the good outcome. Would definitely recommend Boorman Lawyers to others. Very professional in his approach. Helped us to prepare all documents required. Also briefed us on the day. Gave us the confidence he was doing the best for us. And could see the difference between Boorman lawyers and others presenting. Will definitely recommend Boorman lawyers to others. Thanks again.”
Jennifer Fernandes (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Dan Gannon.
“A professional person in their time of indiscretion, needs a professional representation. My expectations where exceeded, with my representation by Boorman Lawyers. Especially Mr Josh Boorman. You're advice and help far surpassed the goal. You're kindness, respectfulness, and Integrity, went the extra mile, and far exceeded my expectations. I would recommend Mr Josh Boorman. For any legal matter you may have. Sincerely, Dan Gannon .”
Dan Gannon (opens full review in a new tab) - Facebook review by Jules Hannan.
“Fantastic, Boorman Lawyers - their team is extremely professional and they attend to their clients needs with courtesy and promptness. I would recommend Boorman Lawyers to anyone.”
Jules Hannan (opens full review in a new tab)
Frequently asked questions about drink driving in NSW
Will I lose my licence for drink driving in NSW?
In a NSW drink driving case that goes to court you should expect a period of disqualification (or, for a mandatory interlock offence, a shorter disqualification followed by an interlock licence), a fine and a conviction. A first low, novice or special range offence may instead be dealt with by a penalty notice, which carries a 3-month suspension. The only ways to avoid losing your licence are to successfully defend the charge, or to plead guilty and persuade the Magistrate to deal with you under section 10. For mid range, high range, refusal, interlock and repeat matters, a disqualification is very likely.
What is considered low range PCA in NSW?
Low range PCA is a reading of at least 0.05 but less than 0.08 (RTA s 108). It is a criminal offence. A first offence may be dealt with by a penalty notice and 3-month suspension. If it goes to court, the court can impose a fine, a conviction and a period of disqualification (automatic 6 months, minimum 3 months). In an appropriate case with strong subjective material, the court can deal with it under section 10.
What happens if I blow over 0.150 in NSW?
A reading of 0.150 or more is high range PCA. You face a maximum of 30 penalty units ($3,300) and/or 18 months' imprisonment for a first offence, and a mandatory interlock order: a disqualification of 6 to 9 months followed by at least 24 months on an interlock licence, unless the court makes an exemption order. There is a real risk of imprisonment, especially with a prior record, a crash or other aggravating features.
Is mid range drink driving a mandatory interlock offence for a first offence?
Yes. Since 3 December 2018, a first mid range PCA offence (0.08 to under 0.15) has been a mandatory interlock offence. Unless the court makes an interlock exemption order, you will be disqualified for 3 to 6 months and then must hold an interlock licence for at least 12 months (RTA ss 209–211).
What is a section 10 / non-conviction outcome?
Under section 10 of the Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999, the court can find the offence proved but dismiss the charge, or discharge you on a conditional release order, without recording a conviction. No fine is imposed and the automatic disqualification does not apply. It is discretionary, and it is not available if you received a section 10 for another drink driving or similar offence in the past 5 years.
Do I really need a lawyer for drink driving?
For novice, special or low range PCA you may be tempted to go alone, but you are still at risk of losing your licence and getting a criminal conviction. For mid range, high range, DUI, refusal or any repeat offence, the Magistrate will be considering community safety, deterrence, interlock and possibly imprisonment. A lawyer can help you prepare the material the court needs and make submissions on your behalf. You can also check whether a Legal Aid NSW duty lawyer attends your court.
Sources and date checked
The law on this page was checked against these primary and official sources on 23 Oct 2026. Penalty unit dollar amounts are as at 23 Oct 2026.
- Road Transport Act 2013 (NSW) – current version for 1 October 2026 (ss 9, 107–112, 203, 205, 209–212, 224; Sch 3 cll 16–18) — checked 20 Oct 2026
- Crimes (Sentencing Procedure) Act 1999 (NSW) – current version for 30 September 2026 (ss 10, 17) — checked 20 Oct 2026
- NSW Government (Transport for NSW) – Drink and drug driving penalties — checked 20 Oct 2026
- NSW Government (Transport for NSW) – Alcohol Interlock Program — checked 20 Oct 2026
This page is general information about New South Wales law only. It is not legal advice. Every matter turns on its own facts.
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